Ngenxa yotshintsho lweendlela zokuphila zanamhlanje, ingcamango yokuba nezilwanyana zasekhaya itshintsha rhoqo. Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokomisa ngokukhenkceza kuzise utshintsho olukhulu kwishishini lokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya. Ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomiswe ngokukhenkceza, njengemveliso yolu vuselelo lwetekhnoloji, kuya kuba yinyama yesibindi semfuyo yendalo, intlanzi kunye ne-shrimp, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno kunye nezinye izinto eziluhlaza ngenkqubo yokomisa ngokukhenkceza nge-vacuum, ngaphandle kwezithintelo kunye nemibala, ukubonelela izilwanyana zasekhaya ukhetho lokutya olukhuselekileyo, olunesondlo nolupheleleyo. Oku kutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okunesondlo kakhulu kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zempilo yezilwanyana zasekhaya ngelixa kugcina umgangatho wokuqala wezithako, kugxininisa indima ebalulekileyoisomisi esiqandisiweyos kwimveliso yanamhlanje yokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya.
一. Kuthetha ukuthini ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomisiweyo ngokukhenkcezisiweyo
Ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomiswe ngeqhwa kudla ngokusebenzisa inyama yesibindi semfuyo neyenkukhu, intlanzi kunye ne-shrimp, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno njengezinto eziluhlaza, ngaphandle kokongeza naziphi na izinto zokugcina kunye nemibala, kwaye kusebenzisa inkqubo yokomisa nge-vacuum ukuze kubulawe ngokupheleleyo iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya ezinokubakho kwizinto eziluhlaza, nto leyo ikhuselekileyo kakhulu ebantwaneni. Okwangoku, ukongeza kokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okwenziwe ekhaya, ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomiswe ngeqhwa kukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okutsha, okungacutshungulwanga kakuhle kwaye okunempilo okunokuqinisekisa ibhalansi epheleleyo yesondlo.
Iingenelo zokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomisiweyo ngokukhenkcezisiweyo
ukunyusa kakhulu ulwelo
Inkqubo yokomisa nge-vacuum freeze yinkqubo yokomisa eyenziwa phantsi kobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu kunye neqondo eliphezulu le-vacuum. Ngexesha lokucubungula, izithako ngokusisiseko zikwimeko engenaoksijini kwaye imnyama ngokupheleleyo. Ukutshintsha kobushushu kuncinci, okugcina ngokufanelekileyo umbala, ivumba, incasa kunye nemilo yezithako ezintsha. Kwaye kwandisa ukugcinwa kweevithamini ezahlukeneyo, iicarbohydrate, iiproteni kunye nezinye izondlo kwizithako kunye ne-chlorophyll, ii-enzymes zebhayoloji, ii-amino acid kunye nezinye izondlo kunye nezinto ezinencasa,
Ukutyeba okunamandla
Kuba kwinkqubo yokomisa ngokukhenkceza, amanzi ekutyeni angena kwindawo yawo yokuqala, nto leyo ethintela indlela yokomisa ngokubanzi, ngenxa yokuhamba kwamanzi ngaphakathi kunye nokufuduka kokutya kumphezulu wako kwaye izondlo zithwalwa zisiwe kumphezulu wokutya, nto leyo ebangela ukulahleka kwezondlo kunye nokuqina komphezulu wokutya. Inyama eyomileyo inencasa emnandi ngakumbi kuneyokuqala, nto leyo ephucula ukuncasa.
Ukuphinda usele amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu
Kwinkqubo yokomisa ngokukhenkceza, iikristale zomkhenkce eziqinileyo ziyanyibilika zibe ngumphunga wamanzi, zishiya iimbobo kwizithako, ngoko ke ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomisiweyo ngokukhenkceza nge-vacuum kunesakhiwo esomileyo esineembobo ze-spongiform, kwaye ngenxa yoko kunokunyibilika okufanelekileyo kwangoko kunye nokubuyiselwa kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza nangokupheleleyo. Ukuba nje inani elifanelekileyo lamanzi longezwa xa kutyiwa, linokubuyiselwa kwincasa emnandi phantse entsha kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa. Oku kusombulula ngokugqibeleleyo ingxaki yomthamo wamanzi aphantsi wokutya okomileyo kwezilwanyana zasekhaya kwaye kwandisa ukungenisa kwamanzi kwezilwanyana zasekhaya.
Ukugcinwa okude kakhulu
Ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomiswe ngeqandisi kucocwe kakuhle kwaye kukhaphukhaphu, ngoko ke kulula kakhulu ukukusebenzisa okanye ukuphatha, kwaye uninzi lokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomiswe ngeqandisi kupakishwa kwi-vacuum okanye kwi-nitrogen egcwele ipakethe kwaye kugcinwe kude nokukhanya. Ixesha lokugcinwa kwale pakethe ivaliweyo kubushushu begumbi linokuba yiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5, okanye nangaphezulu.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomisiweyo ngokukhenkcezisiweyo nokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomileyo?
Ukutya okomisiweyo ngokuqandisa kusebenzisa inkqubo yokuqandisa ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-vacuum sublimation, ngelixa ukutya okomisiweyo (okufana nemifuno ekwiipakethe ze-noodles ezikhawulezileyo kukutya okuqhelekileyo okomisiweyo) kudla ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokukhuthaza ukufuma kwamanzi ekutyeni phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwa ngokwenziwa. Kubandakanya ukomisa ngokwendalo (ukomisa elangeni, ukomisa emoyeni, ukomisa ngomthunzi) kunye nokomisa ngokwenziwa (i-oveni, igumbi lokomisa, ukomisa ngoomatshini, ezinye iindlela zokomisa) kunye nezinye iindlela.
Ukutya okomisiweyo ngokuqandisa kudla ngokugcina uninzi lombala, ivumba, incasa kunye nokwakheka kwezondlo zokutya, kwaye akukho tshintsho lukhulu kwinkangeleko, ukuphinda kufumane amanzi emzimbeni ngamandla, kunokugcinwa ixesha elide ngaphandle kwezithinteli, kwaye kunokugcina iivithamini kunye neeminerali ezininzi, kodwa xa kuthelekiswa neziqhamo ezintsha, kudla ngokungabi nazo iivithamini ezithile, ezifana nevithamini C.
Ukutya okuphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni kudla ngokutshintsha umbala, ivumba, incasa kunye nokwakheka kwezondlo, kwaye ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi emzimbeni akusebenzi kakuhle, ukutya okuphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni ngexesha lokugcinwa, kulula ukubola iivithamini kunye neeminerali, ngoko ke ixabiso lako lesondlo alilunganga njengokutya okomisiweyo efrijini.
Inkqubo yokwenza ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomisiweyo ngokuqandisa
(1) Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswa ngokwemvelo
Ukukhetha izinto eziluhlaza, khetha inkukhu entsha, idada, inyama yenkomo, imvana, intlanzi njalo njalo.
(2) Ngaphambi konyango
Ukuthengwa kwezinto ezilungileyo eziluhlaza ngaphambi kokuba zomiswe ngokukhenkcezisiweyo, izinto ezahlukeneyo zineenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziswe, ngokubanzi zisika izinto zibe yimo efunekayo, emva koko zicocwe, zifakwe i-blanching, zibulawe iintsholongwane, njl.njl., injongo kukususa inkunkuma ukuze yome kwaye incitshiswe, ukuthintela amafutha amaninzi abangelwa kukonakala kwe-oxidation kunye nokonakala kweekhemikhali okubangelwa bubukho bomsebenzi we-autolyase enyameni. Emva kokulungiswa, izinto zifakwa kwiitreyi kwaye zilungele inyathelo elilandelayo.
(3), ukuqandisa ngaphambi kokuba kushushu kakhulu
Amanzi akhululekileyo kwizithako zenyama ayaqina, ukuze imveliso egqityiweyo ibe nesimo esifanayo emva kokomiswa nangaphambi kokuba yomiswe, nto leyo ethintela utshintsho olungenakuguqulwa olufana nokugqwala, uxinaniso, ukushwabana kunye nokuhamba kwe-solute ngexesha lokomisa nge-vacuum, kunye nokunciphisa ukunyibilika kwezinto kunye notshintsho kwiimpawu zobomi ezibangelwa kukwehla kobushushu.
Emva kokuba unyango lwangaphambi kokulungiswa lugqityiwe, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ziya kuqandiswa kwindawo yokugcina izinto eziqandisa ngokukhawuleza ezinee-degrees ezingaphantsi kwamashumi. Ukuqandisa kwangaphambili kuya kwenziwa ngokwezinga lokuqandisa kwangaphambili kwezinto, ubushushu obuncinci bokuqandisa kwangaphambili, kunye nexesha lokuqandisa kwangaphambili. Izinto eziqhelekileyo zingaqala ukufunxa i-vacuum sublimation kwiiyure ezili-1-2 emva kokuba ubushushu bufikelele kubushushu obuncinci bokuqandisa kwangaphambili.
(4), yomiswe ngokukhenkcezisiweyo
I-Lyophilization ngokubanzi yahlulwe yangamanyathelo amabini namanqanaba: ukomisa nge-sublimation kunye nokomisa nge-desorption. Ukomisa nge-sublimation kukwaziwa njengenqanaba lokuqala lokomisa, imveliso eqandisiweyo ifudunyezwa kwisitya esivaliweyo se-vacuum, xa zonke iikristale zomkhenkce zisusiwe, inqanaba lokuqala lokomisa ligqityiwe, ngeli xesha malunga ne-90% yawo onke amanzi asusiwe. Ukomisa kuqala ukusuka kumphezulu ongaphandle kwaye kancinci kancinci kuhambela ngaphakathi, kwaye isithuba esishiyekileyo emva kokunyibilikiswa kwe-ice crystal siba ngumjelo wokuphuma komphunga wamanzi ongaphantsi.
Ukomisa nge-desorption kukwaziwa njengokomisa kwinqanaba lesibini, xa umkhenkce kwimveliso uthambile, ukomisa kwemveliso kungena kwinqanaba lesibini. Emva kwenqanaba lokuqala lokomisa, kukwakho nenxalenye yamanzi efunxwe eludongeni lwe-capillary kunye namaqela e-polar ezinto ezomileyo, ezingakhenkcezwanga. Xa zifikelela kumlinganiselo othile, zibonelela ngeemeko zokukhula nokuzala kwee-microorganisms kunye neempendulo ezithile. Ukuze kufezekiswe umxholo womswakama oseleyo wemveliso, kuphuculwe uzinzo lokugcina imveliso, kwaye kwandiswe ixesha lokugcina, imveliso kufuneka yomiswe ngakumbi. Emva kwenqanaba lesibini lokomisa, umxholo womswakama oseleyo kwimveliso uxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso kunye neemfuno. Ngokubanzi iphakathi kwe-0.45% kunye ne-4%.
(5) Ukupakisha imveliso egqityiweyo
Gcina ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomileyo okuqandisiweyo kwiipakethe ezivaliweyo ukuze kungaphindi kumanziswe.
五. Ifanelekile kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana zasekhaya
Iikati: Ukutya kweekati okomiswe efrijini kudla ngokweemfuno zesondlo sekati yakho kwaye kuphezulu kwiproteni, iivithamini kunye neeminerali ukunceda ukugcina ulusu olusempilweni kunye nenkqubo yokugaya ukutya. Kwakhona, kwiikati ezithanda ukutya inyama, ukutya kweekati okomiswe efrijini kunokubonelela ngeencasa ezahlukeneyo zenyama.
Kwizinja: Ukutya kwenja okomiswe ngeqandisi kunokwenziwa kugxilwe kakhulu kwiproteni, iivithamini kunye nomxholo wamafutha ukuxhasa impilo yenja yakho. Kunokubakho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutya kwezinja ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo, ubudala, kunye namanqanaba omsebenzi ahlukeneyo, kuquka iimveliso zeemfuno ezikhethekileyo zokutya, njengezinja ezine-allergies ezithile zokutya, ezinokuba nefomyula ekhethekileyo.
Ezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya: Ukongeza kwiikati nezinja, ezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya, ezifana noonogwaja, iihamster, njl.njl., zinokuba nokutya okukhethekileyo okomisiweyo kwifriji. Oku kutya kudla ngokuqulatha izondlo ezikhethekileyo ezizidingayo ezi zilwanyana, umzekelo, kwiimvundla kunokubakho ukugxininiswa kumxholo ophezulu wefayibha, kwaye kwiihamster kunokubakho ukugxininiswa okukhulu kumlinganiselo weproteni kwi-carbohydrates.
Ukufika kokutya kwezilwanyana ezomisiweyo ngokuqandisa kutshintshe ngokupheleleyo indlela ezikhuliswa ngayo izilwanyana zasekhaya, kwaye inkqubo yako yokomisa ngokuqandisa nge-vacuum ivumela ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya ukuba kugcine umbala, ivumba, incasa kunye nomxholo wesondlo wezithako ezininzi zokuqala. Kwangaxeshanye, xa kuthelekiswa nokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okuphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomisiweyo ngokuqandisa kubhetele ngencasa, ixesha lokuphelelwa kunye nexabiso lesondlo. Ukutya okwenzelwe wena ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana zasekhaya kubonelela ngesondlo esibanzi nesilinganiselayo kwizilwanyana zasekhaya. Ke ngoko, ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomisiweyo ngokuqandisa akulungelanga nje kuphela izilwanyana zasekhaya eziqhelekileyo ezifana neekati nezinja, kodwa kunokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesondlo zezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya ezifana noonogwaja kunye neehamsters. Ukufika kolu kutya kutsha lwezilwanyana zasekhaya ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni nasekuphuhlisweni kweengcamango zokukhulisa izilwanyana zasekhaya.
Ukuba unomdla kubuchwepheshe bokomisa ngokukhenkceza okanye ekwenzeni ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya okomiswe ngokukhenkceza, okanye ungathanda ukufunda okungakumbi ngeemveliso zethu, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuQhagamshelana nathiSiziingcali ekuveliseni zonke iintlobo zezixhobo zokomisa ngokukhenkcezisiweyo, kuqukaIsixhobo sokomisa esisetyenziswa ekhaya, Isixhobo sokomisa esibandayo sohlobo lwelebhu,isomisi sokuqandisa i-pilotkwayeimveliso yokomisa umkhenkceNangona singaboneleli ngokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya, iqela lethu leengcali lingakunika iingcebiso kunye nezisombululo ezenzelwe wena malunga netekhnoloji yokomisa ngokukhenkceza. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iimfuno, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukusifowunela okanye usithumelele i-imeyile kwaye siya kukuvuyela ukukunceda.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-12-2024
